Neofusicoccum parvum
Neofusicoccum parvum (Pennycook & Samuels) Crous, Slippers & A.J.L. Phillips, in Crous et al., Stud. Mycol. 55: 248 (2006)
= Neofusicoccum pandanicola Tibpromma & K.D. Hyde, in Tibpromma et al., Fungal Diversity: [60] (2018)
Facesoffungi number: FoF 02411
Saprobic or parasitic on the host plant in terretrial habitat, such as Platanus hybrid (Platanaceae), Pinus nigra (Pinaceae), and Ulmus × hollandica (Ulmaceae) (Phillips et al. 2008, this study). Sexual morph: undetermined. Asexual morph: Conidiomata 200–800 µm diam., 170–250 µm high, brown to dark brown, stromatic, pycnidial, solitary to gregarious or confluent, at first deeply immersed, then becoming erumpent, unilocular or multi-locular, with locules 90–170 µm diam., 150–200 µm wide. globose to subglobose, thick-walled, glabrous, smooth, papillate, ostiolate. Ostiole conical or circular, centrically located. Conidiomatal wall 30–90 µm wide, composed of thick-walled, dark brown to hyaline cells of textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells 7–20 × 3–10 µm, hyaline, enteroblastic, phialidic, ampulliform to subcylindrical, indeterminate, discrete, smooth, and arising from the inner cavity of the conidiomata. Conidia 12–31 × 5–9.8 µm ( = 18 × 7 µm; n = 30), hyaline, fusiform or ovoid or elongate, with a rounded or occasionally rhomboidal apex and a slightly narrow truncate base, straight or slightly curved, unicellular, guttulate, thick- and smooth-walled.
Culture characters: Colonies on PDA, reaching 30–40 mm diam. after 7d at 25°C, initially white tuning olivaceous-grey after 20 d and then becoming black with age, with moderately dense, filamentous, aerial, fluffy hyphae on the surface, margin entire, reverse similar in colour. Colonies on MEA, reaching 40–50 mm diam. after 7d at 25°C, forming concentric circles, initially white tuning buff in the middle zone and then becoming black, moderately dense, appressed mycelial mat with irregular very dense, filamentous, cottony aerial aggregations, margin curled, reverse similar in colour.
Material examined: Italy, Province of Forlì-Cesena, Forlì, Viale dell'Appennino, on dead aerial branches of Platanus hybrida (Platanaceae), 9 March 2016, Erio Camporesi, IT2877 (MFLU 16-0999), living culture MFLUCC 16-1447 = ICMP 21539 = KUMCC 16-0087; ibid., on dead aerial stems of Torilis arvensis (Apiaceae), 21 March 2013, Erio Camporesi, IT1137 (MFLU 19-2861), living culture MFLUCC 13-0505, (KUN, HKAS 101681); ibid., San Lorenzo in Noceto, on dead aerial branches of Ulmus × hollandica (Ulmaceae), 16 January 2013, Erio Camporesi, IT1012 (MFLU 19-2858), living culture MFLUCC 13-0488 = ICMP 20797, (KUN, HKAS 101673).
Notes: Neofusicoccum parvum is a well-known pathogen and capable of causing dieback, blossom blight, fruit stem-end rot on grapevines, pine, Eucalyptus and mango (Slippers et al. 2005, Golzar and Burgess 2011, Iturritxa et al. 2011, Úrbez-Torres et al. 2013, Carlucci et al. 2013, Marques et al. 2013, Phillips et al. 2013, Li et al. 2018). Neofusicoccum parvum has been found in 90 hosts across six continents and 29 countries (Sakalidis et al. 2013). This taxon is a species complex, with more than 30 strains recognized.
Neofusicoccum parvum (a–c, j, m, p, y–z from MFLU 19-2858, d–f, k–l, q–s, v–x from MFLU 16-0999, g–i, n–o, t–u, 1–2 from MFLU 19-2861). a, d Herbarium specimens. b–c, e–i Appearance of brown to dark brown conidiomata on the host j–n Vertical sections of conidiomata. o–q Vertical section of peridium. r–u Conidiogenous cells and developing conidia. v–2 Conidia. Scale bars b, e, h = 500 µm, c, f, i–k = 200 µm, g = 1000 µm, l, n = 100 µm, m = 50 µm, o–q = 20 mm, r–u = 10 mm, v–2 = 5µm.
References:
Li WJ, McKenZie EHC, Liu JK, Bhat DJ, Dai DQ, Caporesi E, Tian Q, Maharachcikumbura SSN, Luo ZL, Shang QJ, Zhang JF, Tangthirasunun N, Karunarathna SC, Xu JC, Hyde KD (2020) Taxonomy and phylogeny of hyaline-spored coelomycetes. Fungal Diversity 100: pages279–801.
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