Diplocarpon
Diplocarpon F.A. Wolf, Bot. Gaz. 54: 231 (1912)
= Entomosporium Lév., Bull. Soc. bot. Fr. 3: 31 (1857) [1856]
Leotiomycetes, Leotiomycetidae, Helotiales, Drepanopezizaceae
Parasitic or saprobic on the host plant in terrestrial habitat. Sexual morph: see Wolf (1912). Asexual morph: Conidiomata yellowish brown to dark brown, stromatic, acervular, amphigenous, but mostly epiphyllous, solitary to gregarious or confluent, subcuticular in origin, oval to rounded or occasionally sunken in the middle zone or irregular in outline, rugose, dehiscing by an irregular break in the host cuticle. Conidiomatal wall mixed with host plant tissue, of a loose textura angularis, with thick-walled, pale brown to brown cells and encrusted in the lower layers, becoming hyaline toward in the upper layers. Conidiophores hyaline, branched at the base, septate, formed from the innermost layer of wall cells. Macroconidiogenous cells hyaline, enteroblastic, phialidic, cylindrical, determinate, smooth-walled. Macroconidia hyaline, with two large vertically arranged central cells and two to three small lateral cells arising at the upper part of central cells; basal central cell short cylindrical to globose, with truncate or obtuse base, bearing minute marginal frills; apical central cell globose with obtuse apex; lateral cells mostly 2, sometimes 1–3, globose to ellipsoidal, smaller than the apical and basal central cells; apical and each of lateral cells bearing a single, tubular, septate, unbranched, attenuated, flexuous appendages. Microconidial synanamorph occasionally developing in the same or separate conidiomata. Microconidiogenous cells hyaline, annelidic, cylindrical to lageniform, broader at base, discrete or integrated, indeterminate, smooth-walled. Microconidia hyaline, narrowly ellipsoidal, truncated at base, obtuse at apex, unicellular, smooth-walled.
Type species:Diplocarpon rosae F.A. Wolf, Bot. Gaz. 54: 231 (1912)
Notes: The sexual morph of Entomosporium mespili has been reported as Diplocarpon mespili (Suton 1980). Entomosporium mespili type species of Entomosporium is associated with leaf and fruit lesions of many host plants such as Amelanchier oreophila, A. alnifolia, Aronia melanocarpa (Rosaceae), Cydonia oblonga, Crataegus, Eriobotrya japonica etc. (Sutton 1980). Accepting this connection, Johnston et al. (2014) synonymized Entomosporium under Diplocarpon. However, this connection has not been confirmed by molecular sequence data. Ekanayaka et al. (2019) placed Diplocarpon in Drepanopezizaceae. Fresh collections are needed to approve the connection between sexual and asexual morphs.
Distribution: Australia, Austria, Canada, Cyprus, France, Germany, India, Italy, Kenya, Malawi, Romania, USA, Zimbabwe (Sutton 1980, Nag Raj 1993, this study).
References:
Li WJ, McKenZie EHC, Liu JK, Bhat DJ, Dai DQ, Caporesi E, Tian Q, Maharachcikumbura SSN, Luo ZL, Shang QJ, Zhang JF, Tangthirasunun N, Karunarathna SC, Xu JC, Hyde KD (2020) Taxonomy and phylogeny of hyaline-spored coelomycetes. Fungal Diversity 100: pages279–801.
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