Nectria
Nectria (Fr.) Fr., Summa veg. Scand., Sectio Post. (Stockholm): 387 (1849)
Facesoffungi number: FoF 02122
Sordariomycetes, Hypocreomycetidae, Hypocreales, Nectriaceae
Saprobic or parasitic on the host plant in terrestrial habitat. Sexual morph: see Hirooka et al. (2011, 2012). Asexual morph: Conidiomata orange to yellowish, or red-brown to black, or orange to red, stromatic, variable from pycnidial to synnematous or sporodochial, sessile to long stipitate, intra-epidermal in origin, erumpent, solitary or gregarious, emerging from ascomatal cluster or independently, basal stroma well developed. Wall of basal stroma composed relatively thick-walled, hyaline to pale brown cells of textura angularis to textura prismatica or textura epidermodea to textura intricata; Wall of stalk composed thick-walled, brown cells of textura porrecta, covered by brown to pale brown hyphae. Conidiophores arising in the cavity of the conidiomata, hyaline, branched, septate, smooth-walled, branches terminating in conidiogenous cells and sterile hyphae, invested in mucus. Sterile hyphae present or absent, hyaline, filiform, unbranched or dichotomously branched, straight or curved, septate, smooth-walled. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, enteroblastic, phialidic, cylindrical to subcylindrical or lageniform, discrete or integrated, determinate, smooth-walled, with or without acropleurogenous branches. Conidia hyaline, ellipsoidal to subglobose, obovate, or cylindrical, or sometimes allantoid, straight or slightly curved, unicellular, smooth-walled (Hirooka et al. 2012).
Type species: Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr., Summa veg. Scand., Sectio Post. (Stockholm): 388 (1849)
Notes: Nectria can be confused with Albonectria, Allantonectria, Geejayessia, and Thyronectria, because it has lightly to brightly coloured, ostiolate, perithecial, unilocular or multilocular ascomata, and unitunicate asci (Lombard et al. 2015). However, Nectria has coelomycetous asexual morphs, which can be separated from those genera with hyphomycetous asexual morphs, such as Albonectria and Geejayessia which are associated with fusarium-like asexual morphs, and Allantonectria with trichoderma-like asexual morph (Schroers et al. 2011, Hirooka et al. 2011, 2012, Lombard et al. 2015). Thyronectria differs from Nectria by its ellipsoidal, fusiform to long-fusiform, cylindrical, muriform ascomata budding to produce hyaline bacillar ascoconidia (Hirooka et al. 2012, Jaklitsch et al. 2014).
Distribution: Argentina, Austria, Brazil, Bolivia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Croatia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Finland, France, French Guiana, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Malaysia, Martinique, Mexico, Montenegro, New Zealand, Netherlands, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Puerto Rico, Spain, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Tanzania, Uganda, UK, Ukraine, USA, Venezuela (Hirooka et al. 2011, 2012).
References:
Li WJ, McKenZie EHC, Liu JK, Bhat DJ, Dai DQ, Caporesi E, Tian Q, Maharachcikumbura SSN, Luo ZL, Shang QJ, Zhang JF, Tangthirasunun N, Karunarathna SC, Xu JC, Hyde KD (2020) Taxonomy and phylogeny of hyaline-spored coelomycetes. Fungal Diversity 100: pages279–801.
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