Koorchaloma
Koorchaloma Subram., J. Indian bot. Soc. 32: 124 (1953)
= Pseudoornatispora Tibpromma & K.D. Hyde, in Tibpromma et al., Fungal Diversity, [115] (2018)
Facesoffungi number: FoF 06611
Sordariomycetes, Hypocreomycetidae, Hypocreales, Stachybotryaceae
Saprobic on plants in terrestrial or marine habit. Sexual morph: Perithecia dark brown for most part, becoming paler in the papilla neck and ostiolar region, collapsing when dry, discrete, globose to subglobose or pyriform, unilocular, setose, ostiolate. Ostiole circular or oval, filled with hyaline periphysis. Perithecial setae arising all around the perithecial wall in the middle part, cylindrical, septate, dark brown and thick-walled in the basal part, becoming paler and thin-walled towards apex, with swollen and bulbous terminal cells. Peridium composed of thick-walled, brown to dark brown cells of textura angularis in the exterior, gradually merging with paler or hyaline cells of textura prismatica. Asci hyaline, 8-spored, unitunicate, clavate, apical apparatus non-amyloid. Ascospores hyaline, fusiform or slightly sigmoid, occasionally lunate, 1-sepate, smooth or verrucose, guttulate (Nag Raj 1984, Tibpromma et al. 2018). Asexual morph: Conidiomata brightly coloured, stromatic, spuriously sporodochioid or shallow-cupulate with varying degrees of excipular development, superficial, gelatinous or not, setose. Conidiomatal wall consisting of two parts: a) basal stroma with thick-walled, brown cells of textura angularis; b) excipulium with thick-walled, pale brown to hyaline cells of textura intricata to textura oblita or textura intricata. Conidiomatal setae dark brown to black at the base, hyaline at the apex, apical cell often inflated and showing percurrent growth, subulate to subcylindrical, straight or slightly curved, marginal and irregularly interspersed, septate. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells or present, hyaline, cylindrical or lageniform, branched, septate, formed from the basal stroma. Conidiogenous cells short, holoblastic, subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, arising from inner layers of conidiomata. Conidia fusiform, with an apiculate apex and a narrow truncate base, aseptate, hyaline, thick-walled, smooth, guttulate, bearing a flared, mucoid appendage at both ends (Nag Raj 1993).
Type species: Koorchaloma madreeya Subram., J. Indian bot. Soc. 32: 124 (1953)
Notes: Koorchaloma species are commonly found as saprobes, and have been reported in Argentina, China, Jamaica, Japan, India, Lithuania, USA and Thailand (Nag Raj 1993, Allegrucci et al. 2011). This genus was originally regarded as hyphomycetous (Subramanian 1953). However, Nag Raj (1984, 1993) revised the genus and demonstrated that the conidiomata of the generic type are indeed cupulate conidiomata with moderate development of an excipulum. Therefore, they placed it in coelomycetes and recognized five taxa. Six additional taxa, K. dimorpha Matsush., K. europaea Treigienė, K. galateae Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., K. novojournalis Yanna, K.D. Hyde & Goh, K. scutiae Allegr., Eliades & Aramb., and K. spartinicola V.V. Sarma et al. were added (Yanna et al. 1998, Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 2001, Matsushima 2003, Treigienė 2006, Allegrucci et al. 2011).
Distribution: India, Jamaica, Japan, Thailand, (Nag Raj 1993, Tibpromma et al. 2018, this study).
References:
Li WJ, McKenZie EHC, Liu JK, Bhat DJ, Dai DQ, Caporesi E, Tian Q, Maharachcikumbura SSN, Luo ZL, Shang QJ, Zhang JF, Tangthirasunun N, Karunarathna SC, Xu JC, Hyde KD (2020) Taxonomy and phylogeny of hyaline-spored coelomycetes. Fungal Diversity 100: pages279–801.
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